1841Military
== History ==
=== Republic of Texas and Civil War (1841–1860) ===
Marshall was founded in 1841 as the seat of Harrison County after failed attempts to establish a county seat...
1843Government
It was incorporated in 1843.
1860History
By 1860, Marshall was the fourth-largest city in Texas and the seat of its richest county.
1865Architecture
=== Reconstruction and the railroad era (1865–1895) ===
Marshall was occupied by Union forces on June 17, 1865.
1873Government
In 1873, the Methodist Episcopal Church founded Wiley College to educate freedmen.
1877Crime
In addition, from 1877 to 1950, Harrison County had 14 lynchings, most in the early 20th century, and more than any other county in Texas.
1878Infrastructure
African Americans came to the city seeking opportunities and protection until 1878.
1880Infrastructure
By 1880, the city was one of the South's largest cotton markets, with crops and other products shipped by the railroad.
1881Government
The historically black Bishop College was founded in 1881, and Wiley College was certified by the Freedman's Aid Society in 1882.
1895Economy
The city's most prominent industry, pottery manufacturing, began with the establishment of Marshall Pottery in 1895.
1903History
Between October 1903 and August 1917, at least 12 black men were lynched in Marshall.
1909History
=== Early and mid-20th century ===
In 1909, a field of natural gas was discovered near Caddo Lake; it was exploited to supply city needs.
1930Economy
In 1930, what was then the largest oil field in the world was discovered at nearby Kilgore.
1935Education
Painter Samuel Countee, a Texas-born student of Bishop College in the mid-1930s, exhibited at the Harmon Exhibitions in 1935–1937 and won a scholarship to study at the Boston Mu...
1954History
This practice had been declared unconstitutional in 1954 by the Supreme Court in Brown v.
1965History
Federal Courthouse has been the venue for several cases challenging state practices under provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
1970Civil Rights
In 1970, all Marshall public schools were finally integrated.
1975Government
In 1975, nearly a decade after passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965, local businessman Sam Birmingham became the first African American elected to the city commission.
1976Architecture
Due to newly completed construction projects, the city was one of 10 designated in 1976 as an All-America City by the National Civic League.
1978Government
In 1978, Taipei Mayor Lee Teng-hui and Marshall Mayor William Q.
1989History
Birmingham retired in 1989 for health reasons and was succeeded by his wife, Jean Birmingham.
1990Education
By 1990, Marshall's opera house, the Missouri Capitol, the Moses Montefiore Synagogue, the original Viaduct, the Capitol Hotel, and the campus of Bishop College (including the W...
2000Culture
By 2000, it had become such a prominent part of the cityscape that the lighted dome of the Old Courthouse was the city's most recognizable symbol.
2002History
The number of patent suits filed in 2002 was 32, and the number for 2006 was estimated at 234.
2003Government
For instance, the Democratic Party challenged the 2003 redistricting by the state legislature, arguing that it diluted minority rights.
2004Government
This had little effect on the Republican majority of Texas's congressional delegation after the 2004 elections.
2005Architecture
By 2005, the Joe Weisman & Company building, the T&P Depot, the former Hotel Marshall (now known as "The Marshall"), and the former Harrison County Courthouse were either restor...
2008Disaster
In 2008, Hurricane Ike struck Marshall hard, with winds over 60 miles per hour (100 km/h).
2009History
The number of patent suits filed here were second only to the United States District Court for the Central District of California in 2009.
2010History
On January 18, 2010, John Tennison, a San Antonio physician and musicologist, publicized his research that found that boogie-woogie music was first developed in the Marshall are...
2011Culture
2011 marked the festival's 25th anniversary.
2013Civil Rights
He described his childhood under segregation in his 2013 memoir Life Is So Good, written with Richard Glaubman.
2018History
The population of the Greater Marshall area, comprising all of Harrison County, was 66,726 in 2018.